Make Your Own Flash Paper (Nitrocellulose)

Make Your Own Flash Paper (Nitrocellulose) On the off chance that youre a science aficionado with an enthusiasm for fire or history (or both), you presumably should realize how to make your own nitrocellulose. Nitrocellulose is otherwise called guncotton or flashpaper, contingent upon its planned reason. Entertainers and illusionists utilize streak paper for a fire embellishment. Precisely the same material is called guncotton and might be utilized as a charge for guns and rockets. Nitrocellulose was utilized as a film base for motion pictures and x-beams. It might be blended in with CH3)2CO to make nitrocellulose polish, which was utilized on autos, airplane, and instruments. One ineffective utilization of nitrocellulose was to make artificial ivory billiard balls. The camphored nitrocellulose (celluloid) balls would now and then detonate upon sway, creating a sound a lot of like that of a gunfire. As you would envision, this didnt turn out well in desperado cantinas with pool tables. Its impossible you will need to make your own detonating billiard balls, however you should attempt nitrocellulose as a model rocket charge, as blaze paper, or as a veneer base. Nitrocellulose is amazingly simple to make, yet make certain to peruse the directions cautiously before continuing. To the extent security goes: Any convention which includes solid acids ought to be performed by qualified people wearing legitimate wellbeing gear. Nitrocellulose can't be put away for extensive stretches of time, as it slowly breaks down into a combustible powder or goo (which is the reason numerous old movies have not made due to the current day). Nitrocellulose has a low autoignition temperature, so get it far from warmth or fire (until you are prepared to actuate it). It doesn't expect oxygen to consume, so once it touches off you can't extinguish the fire with water. In light of every one of that, heres how you make it. Key Takeaways: Make Nitrocellulose or Flash Paper Nitrocellulose is a profoundly combustible polymer. It is otherwise called streak paper, guncotton, or blaze string.All you have to do to make nitrocellulose is treat cellulose with nitric corrosive or some other solid nitrating operator. The cellulose can emerge out of paper, cotton, wood, or other plant matter.Nitrocellulose was first made by Alexander Parkes in 1862. This was the primary man-made plastic, which was named Parkesine.While helpful as a plastic, nitrocellulose is similarly well known for its combustibility. Streak paper consumes immediately and leaves no debris buildup. Nitrocellulose Materials Christian Friedrich Schã ¶nbeins strategy has been generally utilized. It calls for 1 section cotton to 15 sections corrosive. concentrated nitric acidconcentrated sulfuric acidcotton balls (practically unadulterated cellulose) Nitrocellulose Preparation Chill the acids underneath 0 °C.In a smoke hood, blend equivalent amounts of nitric and sulfuric corrosive in a beaker.Drop cotton balls into the corrosive. You can pack them down utilizing a glass mixing pole. Dont use metal.Allow the nitration response to continue for around 15 minutes (Schã ¶nbeins time was 2 minutes), at that point run cold faucet water into the container to weaken the corrosive. Permit the water to run for a while.Turn off the water and include a touch of sodium bicarbonate (preparing pop) to the container. The sodium bicarbonate will rise as it kills the acid.Using a glass bar or gloved finger, twirl around the cotton and include more sodium bicarbonate. You can wash with more water. Keep including sodium bicarbonate and washing the nitrated cotton until foaming is not, at this point watched. Cautious evacuation of the corrosive will extraordinarily upgrade the dependability of the nitrocellulose.Rinse the nitrated cellulose with faucet water and permit it t o dry in a cool area. Smidgens of nitrocellulose will blast into fire whenever presented to the warmth of a burner or a match. It doesnt take a lot (either warmth or nitrocellulose), so dont become really excited! On the off chance that you need real glimmer paper, you can nitrate common paper (which is fundamentally cellulose) in a similar way as cotton. Science of Making Nitrocellulose Nitrating cellulose continues as nitric corrosive and cellulose respond to deliver cellulose nitrate and water. 3HNO3 C6H10O5 â†' C6H7(NO2)3O5 3H2O Sulfuric corrosive isn't required to nitrate the cellulose, however it goes about as an impetus to deliver the nitronium particle, NO2. The primary request response continues through electrophilic replacement at the C-OH focuses of the cellulose particles.

The Tragic Impermanence of Youth in Robert Frosts Nothing Gold Can Sta

The Tragic Impermanence of Youth in Robert Frost's Nothing Gold Can Stay In his sonnet Nothing Gold can Stay, Robert Frost names youth and its qualities as priceless. Utilizing nature for instance, Frost relates the most punctual green of an infant plant to gold; its first leaves are compared with blossoms. Be that as it may, to hold something as temporary as youth in the most noteworthy of regards is to set one's self up for catastrophe. The laws of the Universe cast the wonders of youth into an obvious condition of fleetingness. All that is conceived, unadulterated and clean, will be contaminated with age and kick the bucket. The maturing procedure that Frost depicts is intended to be taken actually just as allegorically. Truly, the plants that Frost portrays are a case of this nonexclusive law of maturing. This prooving through basic regular phenomenom the unmistakable and logical value of the sonnet. There is likewise an otherworldly understanding. Ice utilizes a strict suggestion to additionally authorize the target of the poem.Whether Frost's conten tion is demonstrated in a strict or logical gathering, it is in any case evident. In straightforwardly refering to these regular events from lifeless, natural things, for example, plants, he additionally by implication tends to the wonders of maturing in people, in both physical and profound regards. Truly, this is a sonnet discribing the seasons. Ices interpertation of the seasons is unique in the way that it isn't just harvest time that causes him sorrow, yet summer. Spring is depicted as agonizingly snappy in its retirement; Her initial leaf's a bloom,/But just so 60 minutes.. Most would relate summer as a season overflowing with life, maybe the acknowledgment of what was started in spring. As Frost preceives it be that as it may, from the second spring... ...f polluting influence. In Christianity it is called sin. The way that contamination of the spirit is an idea in religion the world over is a demonstration of the Universal idea of Frosts contention. Ice's sonnet tends to the awful temporary nature of living things; from the snapshot of origination, we are ever-striding towards death. Ice offers no solution for the all inclusive sickness of maturing; no answer for the way that the greatness of youth keeps going one minute. He just focuses on composing a pondering of what he comprehends to be a reality, anyway shocking. The pain of disappointment that Frost experiences can't be treated in any substantial manner. Ice's reaction is to decline to quietly clasp to the apparently cruel types of behavior that most people will accept as normal. He assaults the guilty party of maturing the main way one can assault the cryptic powers of the universe, by naming it as the disaster that it may be.

Highlights of UK Books Out in February

Highlights of UK Books Out in February February for the UK is packed with not only exciting fiction but also some really impressive non-fiction. Here is a round-up of the highlights of this month. Feel Free by Zadie Smith (Hamish Hamilton) This book is a tonic for our chaotic times. With dazzling wit, Zadie reflects on a kaleidoscopic range of topics from millennials social media obsession to Brexit, Jay Z to Knausgaard. Her trademark zeal and shrewdly nuanced perspective is evident in these essays which are highly relevant for our era. Feel Free is a pragmatic and thoroughly engaging read which incisively dissects pop culture, politics and contemporary society. The Adulterants by Joe Dunthorne (Hamish Hamilton) This is an entertaining tragicomedy about the trials and tribulations of urban life and modern relationships. Joe is a struggling freelance tech journalist trying to purchase a house for himself and his pregnant wife, whom he might have accidentally cheated on. Smartly written,  The Adulterants riffs on Londons housing crisis, competitively sensitive men and social media with wry insight. The Blinds by Adam Sternbergh (Faber Faber) If you are a fan of Lost or Coen brothers then this sleek 21st century noir is right up your alley. Its a Western set in a dusty town in rural Texas, the Blinds, which is populated by criminals who don’t know if they’ve perpetrated a crime or just witnessed one. Eerily resembling purgatory, this place is brought to life with a cast of eccentric characters and an intriguing mystery. Brimming with originality and suspense, this is a propulsive thriller. The Break by Katherena Vermette (Atlantic Books) This dazzling novel has already earned praise from writers like Margaret Atwood and Madeleine Thien. A layered family saga as well as an engrossing literary thriller, this debut tackles grave issues like colonial violence and cruelty against women with understated elegance. The Wicked Cometh by Laura Carlin (Hodder Stoughton) A captivating debut that brings the squalid and sinister Georgian London to life. This is the story of an orphan Hester White and the complex relationships she forges with people along her thrilling journey to find the truth. This dark, atmospheric novel will appeal to fans of vintage gothic    Ã  la Wilkie Collins and Sarah Waters. Eat Up by Ruby Tandoh (Serpents Tail) If you are a foodie of any sort than you need this book in you life. Eat Up is a celebration of food and is definitely one of the most fun books on the subject I have ever read. It does not adhere to the latest diet fads nor does it advocate clean eating but instead argues against the upsurge of wellness culture. Tandoh writes tantalizingly about why we love to eat and the different ways in which food enhance our lives. Interspersed between engaging chapters like why we find comfort in watching culinary shows like Master Chef and The Great British Bake-Off are an eclectic mix of recipes ranging from Toffee apple rock cakes and Vegan Chili to Hazelnut Porridge. Monsieur Ka by Vesna Goldsworthy (Chatto Windus) This debut from a Serbian born novelist is a haunting portrayal of love in exile. The story revolves around a young French woman married to a British army officer and the titular Monsieur Ka, an  old Russian émigré, whose life story she begins to write.The book is set in 1947 London and is an evocative and affecting tale for fans of literary fiction. Educated by Tara Westover (Hutchinson) Educated is a remarkably inspirational memoir about the transformative power of education and finding yourself. Tara Westover lived her life off-the-grid with her survivalist family and didn’t see the inside of a classroom until the age of seventeen. It is a heart-wrenching tale about the conflict between self-invention and fierce family loyalty. The Melody by Jim Crace (Picador) The latest novel from the prize winning author is the tale of Alfred Busi, famed in his town for his music and songs, who is mourning the recent death of his wife and quietly living out his days in the large villa he has always called home. At once a political novel about the way society treats its least fortunate and an intimate look at ageing and grief, this is an ambitious work of fiction. The Woman at 1,000 Degrees by Hallgrímur Helgason (Oneworld) Eighty-year-old Herra Björnsson lies alone in her garage waiting to die. As she looks back on her life, the reader is taken on a thrilling ride as we follow her life from Iceland to Germany and South America. With unsparing dark humor, this expansive historical novel is a tribute to human spirit.

Pfizer - Financial Analysis - 2569 Words

Name: Khiem Nguyen FINANCIAL ANALYSIS REPORT (Draft 1) For PFIZER INC. Introduction and Shareholder Analysis Pfizer (NYSE: PFE) is involved in the development, manufacturing and marketing of pharmaceutical products. The industry is intensely competitive. There are a few unique characteristics. Pharmaceutical products have long and expensive development periods – upwards of ten years and $100 million depending on the nature of the drug and the scope of the clinical trials process. In order to encourage companies to engage in innovation, companies are given lengthy patent protection for their drugs upon receiving regulatory approval. This allows them to charge monopoly rents so that they may recover the development cost. A†¦show more content†¦Furthermore, Pfizer’s inventory turnover indicates the degree to which the firm’s inventory is converted to cash. Unsold inventory represents business risk and inefficiency. The days’ sales in inventory has increased from 169.8 to 194.4. Average inventory turn has declined from 2.0 to 1.68 and ending invent ory turn has declined from 2.12 to 1.85. This indicates that Pfizer’s inventory supplies are building – they are not selling their inventory as quickly as they have in the past. Put together, Pfizer has seen deterioration in its liquidity over the past year. The company’s current and quick ratios have declined, although they are still healthy. The company has tightened receivables, but this is an attempt to improve cash flow in light of rapidly building inventories. Pfizer’s inventory levels, it should be noted, are only high compared with 2007 numbers; they are far below inventory levels of four or five years ago. Debt Management From 2007 to 2008, Pfizer’s debt ratio has increased from 42% to 48%. Even though this ratio is still well below one, it still further supports the idea that Pfizer has seen a constriction of its cash flow, and it has been forced to borrow to maintain a necessary level of working capital. In addition, the debt-equity ratio has also increased from 0.77 in 2007 to 0.93 in 2008 which suggests that Pfizer has been aggressive in financing its growth with debt in the past year. On the other hand, the long-term-debt to equityShow MoreRelatedFinancial Analysis of Merck and Pfizer3681 Words   |  15 Pagesis bound to be displeased with mutually exclusive expectations and the pharmaceutical industry is often criticized. Pfizer Inc. Mission Products: Pfizer’s mission is to help increase peoples’ life spans and help them live healthier lives. Its products help treat and prevent minor conditions like back pain and more serious ones such as psychotic disorders. Strategy: Pfizer is the world’s number one pharmaceutical company. Its best-selling products include Lipitor, the world’s best- sellingRead MorePfizer Financial Analysis Essay1377 Words   |  6 PagesPfizer Incorporated (PFE)  was established in 1849 in Brooklyn, New York. Charles Pfizer and Charles Erhardt, two German-American cousins, founded a chemicals business and produced an anti-parasitic- Santorin, which was a great success.Pfizers  business  began to grow with production of citric acid in 1880s. Total sales of Pfizer had reached almost $3 million by 1910. By 1950s, Pfizer had set up business in countries like Belgium, Canada, Iran, Panama, Turkey, and United Kingdom.   Pfizer is a  pharmaceuticalRead MorePfizer financial analysis Essay2179 Words   |  9 Pages 217741531115000 Pfizer Inc. Financial Analysis (2011-2013) Table of Content General comments†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.2 Comments on financial ratios†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦.3 Profitability indicator ratios†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦3 Liquidity Measurement ratios†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..4 Efficiency ratios†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦5 Capital structure†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Read MoreFinancial analysis: Pfizer vs. JohnsonJohnson1773 Words   |  8 Pagesï » ¿ Case Analysis Introduction to Finance Introduction – The companies’ profile We chose Johnson and Johnson as a company for our case analysis, and researches have shown that one of its main competitors is Pfizer, Inc. Johnson and Johnson is ranked as the world’s most respected company, and as number 50 in Forbes Top 100 World’s Most Powerful Brands: it is a veritable empire. But as we say, â€Å"Rome wasn’t built in a day†. Johnson and Johnson was founded inRead MorePfizer Case Study1484 Words   |  6 PagesQuestion 1: Describe and evaluate what Pfizer is doing? Pfizer is the world’s largest research-based pharmaceuticals firm and also a well known Pharmaceutical company. So their most of the work depends on research, developing Strategies and innovate. They were trying to find a new way of system which makes their Work more effective and efficient. Pfizer find out that their worker spends more time on Business research and data analysis to the creation of documents and other routine Support likeRead MorePfizer And Allergan Deal : An Effective Strategy Adopted By Pfizer1187 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction Pfizer is one of the world s major pharmaceutical companies, and the main one in the US market. Pfizer produces a wide range of pharmaceutical products for various medical sectors, including: cardiology, neurology and oncology. In addition, Pfizer produces basic consumer healthcare products that help consumers with their everyday healthcare issues. On November 23, 2015, one of the world’s largest health care deals is announced. Pfizer will merge with Allergan to create the world’sRead MoreFinancial Health Of A Company1250 Words   |  5 PagesLiquidity Ratios The financial health of a business greatly depends on its ability to maintain current commitments and obligations. Liquidity or the ability to generate cash from current assets to meet short-term obligations as well as unforeseen responsibility is important for the subsistence of a company. â€Å"A reasonable level of liquidity is essential to the survival of a company, as poor cash control is one of the main reasons for business failure. (Pyke, 2007) Through utilization of toolsRead MorePfizer Case Study1500 Words   |  6 PagesQuestion 1: Describe and evaluate what Pfizer is doing? Pfizer is the world’s largest research-based pharmaceuticals firm and also a well known Pharmaceutical company. So their most of the work depends on research, developing Strategies and innovate. They were trying to find a new way of system which makes their Work more effective and efficient. Pfizer find out that their worker spends more time on Business research and data analysis to the creation of documents and other routine Support likeRead MorePfizer Internal and External Analysis910 Words   |  4 PagesPfizer Proposal Summary: In terms of total sales, Pfizer is the world’s largest pharmaceutical company that creates products that serve approximately 150 million people worldwide and sales of approximately $50 billion in 2009. Formed in 1849 as a chemicals business, it has realigned itself to become the world’s leading research based pharmaceutical company and has produced drugs such as penicillin, Lipitor, Viagra, Detrol, and Geodon and thousands of others throughout its history. Focused now onRead MoreEli Lilly And Company Performance1750 Words   |  7 PagesExecutive Summary Eli Lilly and Company (Lilly) is a global pharmaceutical company, ranked 115 on the Fortune 500. Lilly’s operating performance has been strong in 2011, with ROA and ROE much higher than its competitor, Pfizer. The company has improved sales in the year 2011; however, its net income fell. Lilly’s future performance is challenged by factors such as major patent expirations, which will expose the company to the generic version of their drugs being produced by other manufacturers. Lilly

Illusions in J.D. Salinger´s Catcher in the Rye Essays

Do not be mislead by what you see around you, or be influenced by what you see. You live a world which is a playground of illusion, full of false paths, false values and false ideals. But you are not part of that world (Sai Baba). A world of illusion is an alluring, yet perilous place to enter. It can deceive the mind only to cause damage and distress. Holden Caulfields life has led to. an atrophy through his struggle of conceiving illusions as reality. In J.D. Salingers novel, The Catcher in the Rye, Holden Caulfield battles the constant reminder of his brother, Allies, death while he roams the streets of New York. Preceding his futile adventures, he is expelled from his fourth school, Pencey Prep. During his extent at†¦show more content†¦By hiding from this adolescent problem, Holden only reprieves the situation. As Holden aspires to be the catcher in the rye, he includes his red hunting hat. This is a people shooting hat...I shoot people in this hat (Salinger 22). Holden becoming the catcher is arguably the biggest illusion in this novel. This quote is taken in a metaphorical sense as to his armor or protection when he saves people in the rye from any maturation. When he puts on this hunting hat, he instantly feels the prerogative to become the catcher. He continues to reach for this duty as the catcher in the rye, but this prevails over his intuition and common sense on indispensable issues. In the climax when Holden watches Pheobe on the carrousel, he puts on his hat as a protection from the non-precedent rain. My hunting hat gave my quite a lot of protection, in a way, but i got soaked anyway. I didnt care though. I felt so damn happy all of a sudden (Salinger 212-213). Throughout this novel, Holden had perceived this hunting hat as a full protection and a barrier in between him and the rest of the world. In this scene, Holden finally understands that this hat cannot protect him forever. It is known that this hat had also be en a representation of Allie because he had very red hair (Salinger 38), and now Holden is apprehending that Allie cannot protect him from everything. While Holden knew he had the hat on and it was offering the protection it could,Show MoreRelatedGreat Gatsby in Comparison to Catcher in the Rye Essay1666 Words   |  7 Pages‘American dream’ which can be compared easily to The Catcher in the Rye By J.D Salinger. Nick and Jay Gatsby are similar to Holden Caulfield. Nick is like Holden in the fact that they both share ideas of having expectations of people and hope, even though society constantly lets them down with multiple examples showing how people act in their natural state. Gatsby and Holden are much alike because they both have these fond ideas of women and their illusion of their American dreams, with Holden its JaneRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book The Catcher Of The Rye 1080 Words   |  5 Pagesonly one present. In the book The Catcher in the Rye by J.D. Saling er and the movie Igby Goes Down by Burr Steers hypocrisy, self-Isolation and the deception of adult-hood are themes that re-illiterate the coming of age for young-adults like Holden Caulfield and Igby Slocumb. At times, we as people forget the standards we claim set upon ourselves to embrace yet forgetting to act upon it. This entitlement of hypocrisy carries out commonly amongst The Catcher in The Rye and Igby Goes Down. It is portrayedRead MoreThe The Rye : The Expression Of Individuality1061 Words   |  5 PagesRahul Gudivada EWA2 Literary Analysis 11/9/15 The Catcher in the Rye: The Expression of Individuality In the bildungsroman Catcher in the Rye, J.D. Salinger employs the struggle of individuality, inevitable maturation, and the childhood corruption of adulthood to reveal Holden’s alienation from society. Throughout the novel Holden is rejected and exploited by the society around him. As he is conflicted with himself to find a purpose in life he constantly tries to connect with a superficial societyRead MoreEmotional Damage, Hidden Truths, and Accepting Responsibility in J.D. Salinger’s The Catcher in the Rye 1996 Words   |  8 PagesEmotional Damage, Hidden Truths, and Accepting Responsibility in J.D. Salinger’s The Catcher in the Rye When one finds themselves in a reader’s position, they search for things in the novel that they can relate to. J. D. Salinger wrote a story that contained countless topics that people, past, present and future, can relate to in several ways. The novel follows the story of a troubled boy named Holden who leaves school due to his poor academic performance, an altercation with his roommate, and complicationsRead MoreHolden s Journey Toward Maturity2555 Words   |  11 PagesAdditionally, Holden is constantly looking for answers to where the ducks go when not at the lagoon. For instance, â€Å"Do you happen to know where they go, the ducks when it gets all frozen over?† (Salinger 60). Holden’s concern for where the ducks go proves his anxiety and Holden feels he lacks anywhere safe to head to go in the world. Holden shows a growing ability to adapt to adult life. He also says people cannot rely on others to help them and sometimes people just have to do things with out theRead MoreThe Modernist Movement And Its Influence On Art1688 Words   |  7 PagesMovement.  Post-Modernism was a departure from modernism.  This movement took place during the mid-twentieth century.  One characteristic during the post-modern movement was that there was no absolute truth.  Postmodernists believed that truth is an illusion misused by people to gain power over other people.  The postmodern movement is identified with deconstruction and cultural criticism.  Cultural criticism questions the notions of high and low cultures and tends to treat all works of art as equallyRead MoreA Negative View Of Mental Illness1781 Words   |  8 Pages The Catcher in the Rye, makes a connection to these views of the world. In the novel The Catcher in the Rye, written by J.D. Salinger, the main character Holden Caulfield is clearly disturbed in some way or another. The opening paragraph begins to paint a clear picture of Holden’s unique and descriptive personality, â€Å"I’ll just tell you about this madman stuff that happened to me around last Christmas just before I got pretty run-down and had to come out here and take it easy† (Salinger 1). TheRead MoreThe Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald3044 Words   |  13 Pageswriters present the idea that the American Dream is all an illusion and that it is physically impossible to achieve yet many strive to reach it in their lifetime. Many define the American Dream as the notation that the American social, economic and political system is the key to a life of personal happiness and material comfort. The central theme of both ‘The Great Gatsby’, by F. Scott Fitzgerald, and ‘The Catcher in the Rye’, by J.D Salinger, is American lifestyle and mind-set during a time of prosperityRead MoreAccepting Realities : The Catcher Of The Rye2547 Words   |  11 PagesAccepting Realities: the Catcher in the Rye By: Shirelle Cogan â€Å"Reality is merely an illusion, albeit a very present one† –Albert Einstein. This quote by one of the most impactful men in the world emphasizes that although reality is not set in stone and changes constantly, it is an unavoidable part of life. This means that if someone refuses to accept their realities, it is due to issues within them that are unresolved. Holden, the protagonist in The Catcher in the Rye by J.D Salinger, has extreme difficultyRead MoreLiterary Criticism : The Free Encyclopedia 7351 Words   |  30 Pagesnovel is sometimes used interchangeably with Bildungsroman, but its use is usually wider and less technical. The birth of the Bildungsroman is normally dated to the publication of Wilhelm Meister s Apprenticeship by Johann Wolfgang Goethe in 1795–96,[8] or, sometimes, to Christoph Martin Wieland s Geschichte des Agathon of 1767.[9] Although the Bildungsroman arose in Germany, it has had extensive influence first in Europe and later throughout the world. Thomas Carlyle translated Goethe’s novel

Spanish and Italian Borrowings to the English Language Free Essays

Romanic languages, group of languages belonging to the Italic subfamily of the Indo-European family of languages. They are spoken by about 670 million people in many parts of the world. Among the more important Romanic languages are Catalan, French, Italian, Portuguese, Romanian, and Spanish. We will write a custom essay sample on Spanish and Italian Borrowings to the English Language or any similar topic only for you Order Now My report is particularly about Italian and Spanish borrowings to the English language. Spanish borrowings appeared in English in 16 century. Historic circumstances which influenced on these borrowings are associated with some geographic discoveries at that time. There was a colonization of the South and North America by the Spanish. So the close cooperation with Spain contributed to the developing of borrowings from Spanish into English language. In 16 century close political and economic ties of England with Spain and of Spain with France led to borrowings both directly from Spanish and through the French language. In the beginning of the 16th century there were many Spaniards in England due to dynastic relations between England and Spain. So England inherited many Spanish words which related to Spanish manners. Associated essay: Reasons for Failure in English Language Many Spanish words have come to us from three primary sources: many of them entered American English in the days of Mexican and/or Spanish cowboys working in what is now the U. S. Southwest. Some words were borrowed with the Spanish culture-dances and musicals instruments. Words of Caribbean origin entered English by way of trade. The other major source is the names of foods whose names have no English equivalent, as the intermingling of cultures has expanded our diets as well as our vocabulary. There are the following semantic groups: ) trade terms: cargo- , embargo- , contraband-; b) names of dances and musical instruments: tango, rumba, habanera, guitar; c) names of vegetables and fruit: banana, cocoa , chocolate, cigar, cork – , , potato, tobacco, tomato. All of these were the objects of trade. They were borrowed from Spain to England. Anglo-Spanish War also greatly enlarged the vocabulary of English language which included such military terms: galleon – , , guer illa – . Besides during the Renaissance period the whole layer of everyday Spanish words came to the English language. For ex: bravada – , canoe – , , Negro – , ranch – , desperado – , , peccadillo – . In XIX century many borrowings from Spanish were brought through American literature. Such words as: cigarette, lasso, mustang – . There are following words among the recently borrowed ones: macho, amigo, gringo – . As we see, the majority of borrowings from Spanish retain their shape and are commonly used in English in the stylistic purposes to give the narration some Spanish shade. Of course it makes our speech more interesting and shows that we are culturally enriched. For example, we can say â€Å"adios† instead of â€Å"bye† to diversify our communication. English| Spanish| Alcove| Alcoba| Alfalfa| Al falfa| Artichoke| Alcarchofa| Apricot| Albaricoque| Calibre| Calibre| | Armada| Armado| Apricot| Albaricoque| Binnacle| Bitacula| The Italian language had the strongest influence on the English language in the Renaissance period. The art and literature had the great importance for the whole European culture. Italy was the leading country in the economic, politic, cultural fields, so familiarity with the rich Italian literature of this period, painting, sculpture and architecture, traveling to Italy, an interest in the country itself, was reflected in the loans from the Italian language. We should notice that, due to the wide spread of Italian debt in the European languages , some Italian words were borrowed to the English language, not directly but through other languages. Most of the Italian words was borrowed through French. And only in the XVI century, the borrowings were directly from the Italian language. The earliest borrowings related to trade and military affairs. There were borrowed the following words from the field of commerce and finance: ducat – coin, million – million, lombard – pawnshop, bank – bank. From the field of military: alarm – alarm, brigand – bandit, bark – bark, colonel – Colonel, squadron – squadron, sentinel – guard, pistol – gun. The greatest number of words borrowed from Italian related to the field of art, literature, music, theater and architecture. For example, canto – song, sonnet – a sonnet, stanza – stanza, slogan, model – model, miniature – miniature, madonna – Madonna, fresco – fresco, balcony – balcony, mezzanine – mezzanine, mezzanine and so on. Especially a lot of borrowing were from the field of music, such as: – The names of musical instruments: piano, violin, piccolo; – The name of singing voices: bass, baritone, alto, soprano; – The name of music: opera, sonata, aria. Among the 20-th century Italian borrowings we can mention : gazette, incognitto, autostrada, fiasco, fascist, dilettante, grotesque, graffitti etc. We should be notice that there are used even whole phraseological combinations in English, for example, sotto voce – whisper. How to cite Spanish and Italian Borrowings to the English Language, Essay examples

The Two Faces Of Ancient Greece (Athens Sparta) Essay Example For Students

The Two Faces Of Ancient Greece (Athens Sparta) Essay The two most dominating city-states in Greece of their time, Athens and Sparta, were great rivals with two very different ways of life. Spartas overbearing military and Athens impartial justice system and government are models for many modern day countries. Even though these two city-states differ greatly from one another, they share many characteristics of their country and their time period. Athens and Sparta were the two most powerful Greek territories of their time. Like most cities of the same country, they have the same Greek culture, worshipping the same Greek gods and speaking Greek. Like all Greeks, their people loved to talk and tell stories. Although they fought against each other, their citizens equally had great amounts of pride for their entire country as well as their city-states. The two rivals were both devoted mainly to agriculture and based their wealth, but not their success, on agriculture. Both also participated in the annual Olympics, an ancient Greek national athletic competition which is now a worldwide tradition. These to Greek city-states were the most feared city-states in all of Greece. We will write a custom essay on The Two Faces Of Ancient Greece (Athens Sparta) specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Though Athens and Sparta were similar, they were also very different. Athens was the first democracy, and it was also the first to govern with trial by jury. Athens main accomplishment was that it had a very strong Navy. It was the command of the sea and the head of the Naval Alliance, or the Delian League. Athens was the most feared city-state to fight at sea. Its other achievements were that is had excellent forms of art, architecture, drama and literature, philosophy, science, and medicine. It was very wealthy and had beautiful, extravagant temples. The boys of Athens went to school between the ages of five and eighteen, where they learned reading, writing, mathematics, music, poetry, sports and gymnastics. The girls stayed at home and learned spinning, weaving and domestic arts. Athens had well educated men, a good sense of art, and an all-powerful navy. Sparta developed the most powerful military oligarchy of their time. They had a very strong army and were the most feared city-state to fight on land. Sparta was a member of the Peloponnesian League and was the most powerful people in it. Its excellent military conquered many territories, which they controlled with slaves. Spartas sole achievement, other than military supremacy, was that its people possessed a simple life style, with no care for the arts of Athens. When Spartan boys turned seven years old they began training for the military, and they ceased their training at the age of twenty.There was much more gender equality in Sparta than in Athens, and girls went to school where they learned reading, writing, athletics, gymnastics, and survival skills, and they could even join the military. Sparta was militarily supreme over Athens, and it also supported better equality and simplicity of life. Sparta and Athens contrasted greatly in military, art, education, government, and in many other areas. The few similarities they had were mainly based on their countrys rituals and traditions. These rituals and traditions are what the modern world remembers of the Greek culture. Words/ Pages : 541 / 24